Ian Dawson

Ian is a former Director of SHP and former Publications Director. He is now an SHP Fellow.

If you need more information to help you decide to attend the conference (and even if you have booked) the full programme is now available at:

SHP Conference Programme.pdf

The programme is its usual mix of enthusing and practical workshops – creating the annual problem for many delegates of ‘how can I be at x, y and z all at the same time?’

The conference will also address the latest news about the government’s plans for History in the National Curriculum. This explains the remaining ‘to be confirmed’ session – Saturday afternoon’s plenary when Simon Schama may speak, depending on whether he is involved in National Curriculum planning or not. If not, Michael has alternatives to put in place – but rest assured that the conference will provide as much u-to-date information and discussion as possible.

Ian

Now is the winter of our discontent

Made glorious summer … well, spring really

By the publication of the first book

In our new A level series.

Mmmm. Possibly not rivalling Shakespeare but hopefully useful to teachers far and wide. With the publication of the first book in a new series we realize how hard we’ve been paddling for the last three years to reach this point. From first thinking to finding authors to approving individual book plans to identifying academic consultants to editing and rewrites and, yes, more rewrites and now – a book. And there’s only another twelve in the pipeline from “nearly–published next off the assembly” line to first drafts.

So, as you may have read in an earlier blog, we are aiming to do something different – create readable, challenging, up-to-date with modern scholarship books that focus on the history and on developing students’ skills as independent learners. Each chapter is an enquiry with an overarching activity set up at the beginning, guiding students through the chapter so they can be confident of reaching a well-evidenced conclusion. These can be used at home, individually or with friends or they can be used in the classroom, supported by the teachers’ resources that are available FREE here on the SHP site.

The first book out is The Wars of the Roses and you can get a preview of what a chapter looks like here

This is a whole sample chapter – look out for the Enquiry Focus panel on p.117, the blue boxes helping students build their answers to the overarching activity, use of colour to help students make sense of family trees,

You don’t do The Wars of the Roses – well, look anyway as it may provide ideas for teaching and show what to expect in later books in the series. Later this year we’ll publish

  • The Russian Revolution by Christopher Culpin – on schedule for publication in May
  • The Crusades by Jamie Byrom and Michael Riley
  • The French Revolution by Dave Martin.

For more on the approach of the series as a whole click here.

And for those of you who do teach The Wars of the Roses – or who are tempted to do so – keep an eye on the Thinkinghistory website over the summer where I’ll be adding new resources for teaching this most fascinating of topics.

See this new A Level Series

Ian

Fed up with reading historians and politicians pontificating about History teaching without having any respect for the evidence or even trying to look at the evidence in the first place?

For a refreshing change read Richard J Evans in the New Statesman

www.newstatesman.com/education/2012/01/british-history-schools

Ian

Saturday 26 November saw our first London conference in the excellent conference facilities at the British Library. This was a tremendous venue and our thanks go to the very helpful and supportive team at the British Library – we can certainly look forward to next year’s London event with great confidence.

It’s never easy to decide how best to report a conference and its workshops. Putting a workshop PowerPoint on-line is almost always unsatisfactory as the discussion that makes sense of it and brings it to life can’t be recaptured. There’s also the moral debate about whether it’s fair to those who paid to give away resources for free.

So this year we’ve experimented with a series of subjective ‘reflections’ on aspects of the London Conference:

• one was posted on the day – about Michael Wood’s plenary

• the second the following day – Christine Counsell’s plenary

• and the final review, the longest, a few days later – see these reflections

If you have any comments or responses to any of these reflections we’d be delighted to hear from you through the reply panel below.

Ian

It’s impossible to imagine anyone better than Christine Counsell to keep the conference bubbling to the end – vitality, positive tone, body language, utter conviction. Impossible as ever for mere words to do justice to her session – unless I was transformed into John Milton at his ‘Paradise Lost’-writing peak.

The full title was “Disciplinary history for all: Why it matters, why it is so difficult and why we should not give up” – and the best I can do is just note down some of my jottings:

  • ‘Knowledge is pivotal’
  • ‘Sense of period, narrative frameworks, temporal perspective’ are all tough for students but that’s why we must work at them with all our being (and they are tough not just for students, also teachers. If only Christine had told me this earlier I might have tackled something easier over the last years).
  • ‘A school’s assessment-driven culture can have a profoundly distorting effect, detracting from excellence and forcing teachers to seek reductive, quick fix solutions at the expense of deep knowledge. At worst, children have been short-changed in the interests of “raising standards”’
  • The central importance of the enquiry question and of carefully constructed puzzles, something they think they can answer straight away but then realise it needs unravelling

(sounds like a Christmas present which has been wrapped up to look like one thing but then turns out to be another – much more pleasurable and rewarding for working through the extra layers of wrapping paper

  • Insights into the nature of history: learning how valid claims can be made about the past and what makes some claims fragile or strong
  • The limited value of ‘bright ideas’ – no matter how bright the idea is, it has to be owned, tailored and thought through by every individual using it

(and bright ideas have to be integrated not isolated – how will they become part of the warp and weft of your course?)

  • Confusion is ok – real learning is impossible without facing up to bafflement. It takes effort to find a way through a puzzle. We learn a lot better if we see confusion as a springboard
  • Teaching history really well to the lower-attaining pupil is intellectually very demanding – it’s far harder than most politicians, historians and journalists realise. But all the more reason for us not to give up. We are RIGHT to keep trying to achieve that toughest of goals: to help struggling and disaffected children into strong historical understanding. ‘David Cannadine has confirmed what we already knew – that there is no golden age when such pupils knew a lot of history. We are therefore the pioneers’. Let us not give up in bringing rigorous history to ALL, even when our efforts are frustrated or vilified.
  • And finally the development of history teaching is work in progress, an on-going conversation amongst history teachers and history educators. Far more has still to be discovered and learnt than we currently understand.

As ever I was left feeling both inspire and humbled. I’ve seen George Best play football, David Gower score 100 and Ian McKellen on stage. And listening to Christine has the same effect – you know you’ll never match what you’ve seen but you’re inspired to have a go.

Ian

Why are people here on a Saturday in late November? No exam sessions, no functional reviews – the first two people I spoke to told me they’re here, hoping to leave ‘bubbling with enthusiasm’, inspired by ideas that will feed into their teaching, helping them inspire their students in turn.

The choice of Michael Wood to start the day has fitted this aim of ‘bubbling with enthusiasm’ really well. To be honest, I’d wondered about the advisability of beginning with a ‘non-teacher’ but I was wonderfully wrong. In describing the development of his recent TV series about Kibworth Michael bubbled with his own deep enthusiasm – for ‘history from below’, what the ‘local’ reveals about the national story, but running through everything he said was his total conviction in the value and interest of history, and his own love of history and his respect and empathy with the people of the past.

What also emerged is that it’s perfectly possible to create a strong sense of the overview of British history from a local perspective – and, importantly, this pattern is obscured by putting too much detail and too many events in – too many trees (too many dates, too many kings’ names, too many events) obscure the wood of the pattern of British history.

What else was memorable?

  • To 10th century Saxons, England was a country of many nations, many peoples
  • Ridge and furrow was the deep bone structure of the world of our ancestors
  • The history of ‘Britain’ looks different from every locality – and the importance of looking for localities

Finally, one problem – how can we replicate stratification in the classroom – the exploration of layers representing Iron Age, Roman, Saxon, Viking etc.

So – verdict so far? Bubbling already.

Ian

Timelines, Time-stories and developing confidence at A level

One of the most important – and hardest things – for A level students to do is to develop an overview of the content of a new module. An overview is vital because:

  1. it creates confidence and confidence is critical in learning effectively – just think of the opposite, how uncertainty niggles and undermines the ability to work effectively.
  2. it creates a context for the individual topics and questions
  3. it starts to give a module a unity that can be lost amidst a sequence of individual topics and questions.

How best to help students develop an overview?

One method which is not very effective is to provide a timeline of events for students to look at or copy. The problem with a timeline is that there’s no pattern or story in it. It’s just a disembodied list of events and that makes the content hard to take in. It’s much more helpful to use what’s often called a living graph but which may be more usefully called a Time-story, a two dimensional representation of events.

The Time-Story that’s linked in below provides an example – a small part is also shown in the image.

Wars of the Roses Time-Story

It’s a draft from SHP’s new A level series, from the book on The Wars of the Roses (take a look even if you don’t teach it – it’ll make the point better than a topic you are familiar with!). Imagine what this would have looked like as a timeline – a list of kings in sequence showing the length of each reign. The weakness would be that such a timeline contains no story and yet it’s the story or pattern that makes it possible to remember the detail (for all of us bar a few blessed with remarkable memories).  A timeline just showing reigns has the added negativity of looking arid and uninteresting and may develop anxiety, not confidence, among students.

So why is the Time-story more likely to be effective? The critical feature is the list of qualities of good kingship at the top (and bad kingship at the bottom) – the story is how close English kings came to reaching those qualities after the peak of Henry V. It’s the story of slow decline, plummeting as Henry VI reached adulthood and descending to complete failure as civil war broke out. Henry VI was replaced by Edward IV who twice (see second spread of attachment) looked as if he was building royal success, only for problems to start again. The first occasion was Warwick’s rebellion, the second Richard III’s seizure of the crown. The period ends with the English monarchy again showing many of the signs of failure described along the bottom of the page.

It’s the graph that’s important. For many the shape of the visual line will be much easier to remember whereas disembodied names by themselves can be tough to take in.

Equally important is the activity that goes with the graph – asking students to retell the story in their own words in a fixed time or word limit. It’s the transference of what’s on the page into their own words that makes learning really effective – just looking at this and reading the text won’t be nearly as effective. I don’t expect students to include and remember all the detail that’s on these pages by any means but what will be possible will be to tell an outline based on the shape of the graph and then, as their knowledge and confidence develop, they can then begin to add more details to the curves and trends of the graph.

And it will be so much more effective again if they think about how to retell the story as well as what goes in it – props, visuals, a graph of their own – anything that requires thinking about how to tell this story – that’s what cements it in the mind. Repetition at monthly intervals will help too.

Do you have time for this kind of initial activity? Given its importance for developing students’ confidence can you afford not to do this, whatever the topic?

So in conclusion:

  1. Don’t underestimate the importance of confidence for students’ learning.
  2. Spend time creating an effective overview – don’t race past to get to the ‘important’ first topic. The overview saves time in the long run.
  3. Value the two-dimensional and visual presentation – it helps students who find text alone difficult. Knowledge and understanding is no less worthwhile for being developed through non-text media.
  4. Experiment to see what kinds of activity work best in helping students understand an overview pattern of events.
  5. Revisit the overview during a module both for consolidation and to give coherence to the module.

Ian

SHP has always regarded the development of textbooks as an effective if discreet way of providing CPD for teachers. Good textbooks communicate new ideas about teaching and learning and about the content of History itself even if this CPD is disguised in the form of material written for use by KS3, GCSE or A level students. Our new A level series, ‘Enquiring History‘ (which appears from March 2012 onwards) is very much in this tradition, aiming to help develop the quality of teaching and learning at A level.

Our main concerns in planning the series and writing and editing the books have been to

  • create books that students are interested in reading, not simply ‘using’. This is probably the hardest task of all. One way we’ve gone about this is by focussing on individuals as people with personalities and depth of character who often face complex decisions. If people in the past are just names on the page then it’s no wonder students find learning difficult and reading a chore.
  • communicate up-to-date scholarship and help students understand that our historical knowledge and understanding is constantly developing as a result of research and the continuing ‘conversation amongst historians’. Each author has been working with a research historian to ensure that the books are as up-to-date as possible.
  • focus on helping students overcome the problems that recur every year. One key element in planning has been to identify a list of ‘this is what they struggle with’ items. Then, in the books, we’ve tried to tackle these head on and make them explicit, whether it’s a big conceptual issue or something that appears minor but saps confidence such as knowing that Richard of York and Richard of Gloucester were different people.
  • help students develop their ability to study independently, in groups or on their own. Each chapter takes the form of an enquiry with a single structured activity, guiding students through the material and encouraging them to use other books. These books are definitely NOT ‘the only book you’ll need’. We want students to use them as springboards for further reading.

The results we hope are books that are inspired by the drive to help students learn effectively while presenting the best possible picture of current scholarship. We want students to be able to use the books confidently on their own but you will also be able to use these books in class – they’re supported by a range of teaching activities and support material on the series website which will be free to teachers.

What you will not find (and it may be the first thing you notice) is that these books make no references to awarding bodies or their specifications or examinations. They’re in part a return to the olden days when books were about history, not about specifications, although those olden days books didn’t pay any attention to the problems and needs of students as I hope we’re doing. Of course we’ve been aware of the nature of specifications in planning but that’s a far cry from writing for the limitations of a single specification, especially given the difficulty that specifications and examiners have in keeping up with recent historical research.

Of course the aims above are our ideals. Any decent series of materials starts with high ideals and then tries to compromise as little as possible when faced with deadlines and all the practicalities of real life that confront authors. No author has the luxury of spending their time on one book. They’re all full-time teachers or educational free-lancers juggling a variety of projects. Therefore writing is often tucked away at weekends or in holidays – what’s remarkable is that those people who have written for SHP over the years have come so close to editorial ideals and hopefully will again on this series. As series editors, Michael Riley, Jamie Byrom and I are constantly grateful for all the hard work our authors put in and their patience when asked to rework a page, a section or even rethink a chapter.

So, what’s on offer? In spring and summer 2012 we’ll publish 4 books, partly chosen with an eye to supporting teachers of some ‘minority’ topics who are often excluded as publishers go first and foremost for ‘the big sellers’. Our first 4 topics are The Crusades, The Wars of the Roses, The French Revolution, The Russian Revolution (I know the last one’s popular but we have to accommodate Hodder’s wish to make a profit somewhere). Each book is 144pp and in colour (which makes, for example, family-trees so much more comprehensible by using different colours and writing explanatory text – ‘follow the blue line down until …’). Another ten topics are in development for publication in 2013 and 2014.

For more details keep an eye on this website as we’ll provide details of each book ahead of publication (and with a bit of luck video clips from the authors) and also on the Hodder History Website.

This has been an ‘information’ blog. Next time I’ll do something useful, exemplifying the series by focussing on one of the major problems faced by all students embarking on a new A level topic – how to gain an overview of the whole topic, both to boost their confidence and enable them to tackle individual questions more effectively.

(28 Nov 2011 Update: This particular blog has been inundated with spam and is now closed for comment – instead, please email your comments using the addresses found on the website).

… news on SHP’s A Level publications. A new series for June 2012.

For years people have wanted another SHP Conference – in the south. Well, on 26th November we get as close as we can with a day conference at the British Library in London.

There’s plenary sessions from Michael Wood and Christine Counsell and two workshop sessions, each with six tantalising options to choose from.

Of course, as this isn’t a residential conference it will lack the tradtional Saturday evening nonsense but otherwise we aim to recapture the camaraderie, inspiration and simple enjoyment of discovering how many other people share our passion for history teaching.

Find out more on the SHP website.

Ian Dawson

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